Air is a vital component of the environment and is a natural mixture of gases. It mainly consists of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), argon (0,93%), water evaporation (0,4-3%), carbon dioxide (0,039%), and a small amount of hydrogen and other gases. Atmospheric air occupies an important place among the other components of the biosphere and its value is priceless for all living. During last half century, with so called industrialization era, air pollution problem became topical all over the world. Along with technological progress increases the amount of harmful emissions and the concentration of the individual components greatly exceed the maximum permissible limits.

In general, combustion processes mainly pollute the air by noxious substances, such as: carbon monoxide, nitrogen and sulfur oxide, particulates, flammable non-methane organic compounds, benzo (a) pyrene, dioxin / furans etc. With accumulation in the air they change its natural physical and chemical composition, and after exceeding the maximum concentration limit adversely affect human health, ecosystems, and tangibles. 

The negative effects of unfavorable environment are in direct connection with a tendency to the deterioration of human health. Air pollution is a potential risk-factor for disease, disability, and mortality (including respiratory infections, cardio-vascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, and lung cancer). Spectrum of diseases is wide enough, and depends on the species of the contaminant, its concentration in the air, the duration of exposure and the condition of the body. At most risk are children and pregnant women. According to the WHO 2014 research, 7 million early deaths in the world are due to air pollution. 

In Georgia air is polluted by emissions of vehicles, energy sector, agriculture and industrial facilities. 

Major pollutant in urban area is transport. 62-78% of nitrate oxides (NOx) and carbo monoxide (CO) emissions in the country is from transport sector. The emission dynamics is growing rapidly along with the increasing number of vehicles and the fuel consumed. 
Most of industrial sector emissions is particulate matter (PM). Especially dust-emissive are the industries producing cement, lime, and bituminous concrete. 
Energy sector, like the transport sector, emits fuel combustion products - carbo monoxide (CO), nitrate oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). However the emissions of volatile substance, due to natural gases loss, are also high. 

Agricultural emissions to the air are mainly ammonia (NH3), volatile organic compounds, nitrate monoxide (NO) and dust.